Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Xiaozhong Zhang
Tsinghua University, China
Keynote: Nonlinear effect assisted magneto resistance and non-volatile reconfigurable spin logic
Time : 10:00-11:00
Biography:
Xiaozhong Zhang has received his PhD in1989 from University of Oxford and Postdoc at The Royal Institution of Great Britain during 1989-1992. Then he worked as a Faculty at National University of Singapore for seven years. Since 1999 he has been working as a Professor at School of Material Science and Engineering of Tsinghua University, China. He is now the Deputy Director of the Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Chinese Education Ministry, member of Chinese national nano-technology standardization committee and co-editor of IUCrJ. He has published more than 190 papers in referred journals including Nature and Advanced Materials.
Abstract:
Coupling semiconductor nonlinear transport effect and Hall Effect in semiconductor, we developed a Si-based geometrical enhanced MR device whose room-temperature MR ratio reaching 30% at 0.065 T. We further coupled semiconductor nonlinear transport effect and anomalous Hall Effect in a Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropic (PMA) material and realized a giant MR of 22000% at 1 mT in PMA material at room temperature. Based on our Si based MR device, we developed a current-controlled reconfigurable MR logic device, which could perform all four basic Boolean logic including AND, OR, NAND and NOR in one device. We proposed an alternative way to realize magnetic logic by coupling spin-dependent transport effect in magnetic material and nonlinear transport effect in semiconductor material. We further proposed a non-volatile reconfigurable spin logic-memory device by coupling anomalous Hall Effect in magnetic material and negative differential resistance phenomena in semiconductor. All four basic Boolean logic operations could be programmed with high output ratio (>1000%) and low magnetic field (~5 mT). This device demonstrated that non-volatile information reading, processing and writing could be realized in one step and one device. Hence, logic and non-volatile memory could be closely integrated in one chip. The time and energy used in the processes of information transformation and transfer could be saved. A network with these highly parallel logic-memory devices could perform massively parallel non-volatile computing and might offer a possible route to approach brain-inspired artificial intelligence beyond traditional CMOS route.
Keynote Forum
Sabrina Conoci
STMicroelectronics, Italy
Keynote: An innovative nickel oxide based nanomaterial for gas sensing applications
Time : 11:20-12:20
Biography:
Sabrina Conoci has received the Master of Science in Industrial Chemistry cum laude from the University of Bologna (Italy) in 1995 and has obtained her PhD in Engineering of Materials from the University of Lecce (Italy) in 2001 working one year at the University of Ottawa (Canada). Since 1999, she has been with STMicroelectronics, Catania (Italy), covering several R&D positions in the field of nano-molecular devices, biosensors and biotechnologies. She is currently R&D Manager of the Advanced Sensor Technologies team. He has published more than 200 papers in reputed journalism, 15 international patents and more than 100 communications to international congresses.
Abstract:
The development of new sensing materials and integrated devices is today one of the most fascinating fields of material science. It stimulates researches for a wide range of applicative areas such as food industry, pollution environment, pharmaceutics and molecular diagnostic and in vitro devices. In this frame, the development of new Ni-based nano-materials for the non-invasive glucose monitoring and gas sensing is receiving great attention due to its high impact in health and environment areas. These materials have been widely investigated as electrodes for electro-catalytic oxidation of analytes by means of the redox couple Ni3+/Ni2+ under alkaline medium. The employment of nanostructures increases both the surface-to-volume ratio and the electron transfer rate boosting the sensing performances. In this work we report a new nanomaterial based on Ni oxide for the detection of NOx. The material exhibited good response towards NOx detection at different temperature. The main advantages of the proposed solution are the easy preparation, high stability and high conductivity which permitted to carried out sensing measurements also at RT.
Keynote Forum
Martin Falk
Institute of Biophysics of ASCR, Czech Republic
Keynote: Multiple mechanisms of metal nanoparticle-mediated radio-sensitization of tumor cells
Time : 12:20-12:55
Biography:
Martin Falk has completed his PhD from Masaryk University in Brno, CR. He is the Leader of the Department of Cell Biology and Radiobiology at the Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (Brno, CR). He has participated in more than 30 papers that concern the role of chromatin structure in regulation of cellular processes. Other research interests include DNA damage and repair, carcinogenesis, tumor cells radio-sensitization and radiobiology.
Abstract:
Selective targeting of radiation effects to tumors represents a fundamental challenge in radiotherapy. Metal nanoparticles, such as gadolinium, gold, or platinum nanoparticles are preferentially internalized by tumor cells and have been recognized to locally amplify the radiation dose upon irradiation. Hence, nanoparticles delivered in tumor cells might increase tumor-specificity and efficiency of radiotherapy at the same time. The physical mechanisms related to the radiation dose amplification by nanoparticles have been already well described; however, cellular structures targeted by nanoparticles remain unknown. The DNA molecule is the most sensitive and critical cell structure in the cell concerning the effects of ionizing radiation. Hence, a crucial question remains open of whether damage to the nucleus is necessary for the radio-sensitization exerted by gadolinium and other nanoparticles. In this work, we studied the effect of 3 nm gadolinium based nanoparticles (GdBNs) on the induction and repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs) in the nuclear DNA of U87 tumor cells irradiated with g-rays. For this purpose, we used currently the most sensitive method of DSB detection based on high-resolution confocal fluorescence microscopy coupled with immune-detection of two independent DSB markers, gH2AX and 53BP1. Additional data for Au and Pt nanoparticles will be also presented. Our experiments brought about quite surprising results. In the conditions where GdBNs amplify the radiation effects, they remain localized in the cytoplasm and their influence on DSB induction and repair is only insignificant. This suggests that the radio-sensitization mediated by GdBNs and potentially other nanoparticles (of defined parameters) is a cytoplasmic event that is independent of the nuclear DNA breakage (a phenomenon commonly accepted as the explanation of biological radiation effects). On the other hand, AuNPs somehow increased DNA damage; however, biological relevance of this damage has to be further studied. Based on recognized intracellular localization of nanoparticles studied, we hypothesize about possible DNA and non-DNA targets for (some) nanoparticles.
Keynote Forum
Bey Fen Leo
University of Malaya, Malaysia
Keynote: Stability, transformation and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials in biological systems
Time : 13:55 - 14:30
Biography:
Dr. Leo Bey Fen is a senior lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya (UM). She obtained her PhD from the London Centre for Nanotechnology (LCN), Imperial College London (UK) in 2015. She is the current consultant at the Electron Microscopy Services, Central Unit of Advanced Research Imaging (CENTUARI), UM. She is also an associate research member at Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT). Her research interest includes synthesis and characterisation of nanomaterials, functionalisation and applications of nanomaterials (e.g. biosensors for pathogen or toxin identification, antimicrobial agents, drug delivery, nanomagnetic gloves) and nanosafety & toxicology assessment of nanomaterials.
Abstract:
The increasing production volume of Engineered Nano-Materials (ENMs) has raised concerns about possible toxicological and environmental issues. For this reason, there is a need to assess the interaction of ENMs with biological systems for early prediction of their cytotoxicity. Adequate physicochemical characterization of ENMs prior to the toxicity assessment and selection of appropriate doses in toxicological studies are paramount to correlate their properties with biological action. In the context of respirable NPs, the interactions with both lung lining fluid components and local cell populations will determine the effects on cell metabolism and lung function. There is a lack of information in the literature about the interactions between silver nanomaterials (AgNMs) and pulmonary cells. In particular, data on cellular uptake, measurements of particle dissolution or intracellular chemical transformations to the AgNMs are missing, making it difficult to separate the roles of the particle and Ag+ ion release effects in mediating biological effects and hence to predict the long term bio-persistence of this class of nanomaterial. Our studies aim to highlight the need to consider the interaction of AgNPs with different sizes and surface coatings, access the pulmonary tissues which can be linked to the pulmonary’s disease. Interaction of AgNMs with pulmonary cells, as well as their uptake, cytotoxicity and processing inside cells were investigated using different correlative imaging techniques. The findings demonstrated that interaction between Ag+ ions and sulphide species leads to transformation of the surface chemistry of AgNMs, limiting short-term toxicity effects in the cellular environment. In order to manipulate and optimize particular NPs features with favorable bio-availability and bio-distribution, not only NP uptake into cells, but also a fundamental understanding of the NPs-protein complex is necessary.
Keynote Forum
Dwi Sabda Budi Prasetya
IKIP Mataram, Indonesia
Keynote: Study of biosorption process of gold using nanofiber chitosan/PVA
Time : 14:30-15:05
Biography:
Dwi Sabda Budi Prasetya has complete his Master from Gadjah Mada University. He is a Lecturer in Physics Education Departement of IKIP Mataram.
Abstract:
Nanofiber has been widely used in various applications including agriculture, biomedical, pharmaceutical and many other industries. In this study, nanofiber chitosan/PVA is utilised as an adsorbent for gold recovery due to its superior properties to adsorb metal ions from a solution. This research aims to investigate the efficiency of gold recovery by using nanofibaer chitosan/PVA. Several adsorption isotherm models including Langmuir and Freundlich are employed to evaluate the experimental data. It is found that Freundlich offers the best model for this study with parameters. It also indicates that biosorption process of gold in the nanofiber chitosan/PVA is a multilayer in heterogen surface and physical process.
Keynote Forum
Sahin Uyaver
Turkish-German University, Turkey
Keynote: Structural analysis of the nanostructures formed aromatic aminoacids
Time : 16:00-16:35
Biography:
Sahin Uyaver has completed his PhD from Potsdam University, Germany. He has been working mainly computational researches on biophysical systems. Currently he is a Member of the Faculty of Science at Turkish-German University of Istanbul.
Abstract:
In this work we have analyzed the nanostructures formed by tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine, which have aromatic rings, in our molecular dynamics simulations. We have focused on the similarities and differences of these structures. The simulations are done by using Gromacs Molecular Dynamics simulation software. The force field chosen is OPLS-AA force field. The water molecules are included by TIP3P explicit water molecules. After NVT and NPT equilibration runs we have simulated the systems minimum up to 300 ns. The Berendsen thermostat kept temperature constant and the Parrinello-Rahman algorithm held the pressure at 1 bar. The integration step for all simulations was 2 fs. We have seen that concentration, temperature and acidity play an important role in obtaining the nanostructures. The structures seen are aggregated ones, crsytal-like one and 4-fold tubular ones. In each case of the pure systems the occurrences of these structures are often at different set of parameters. There are some differences of the structures with respect to the stability of the formed structure and the time to reach the equilibration. Furthermore, differently from our previous works, we have seen that one finds the structural similarities and differences between of the pure systems.
- Quantum Dots and Nanomagnetism | Nanosensors and Nanoscale Electronics | Mathematical Modelling in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology | Nanotech for Energy and Environment
Location: Indonesia
Chair
Xiaozhong Zhang
Tsinghua University, China
Session Introduction
Martin Falk
Institute of Biophysics of ASCR, Czech Republic
Title: Multiple mechanisms of metal nanoparticle-mediated radio-sensitization of tumor cells
Time : 12:20-12:55
Biography:
Martin Falk has completed his PhD from Masaryk University in Brno, CR. He is the Leader of the Department of Cell Biology and Radiobiology at the Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (Brno, CR). He has participated in more than 30 papers that concern the role of chromatin structure in regulation of cellular processes. Other research interests include DNA damage and repair, carcinogenesis, tumor cells radio-sensitization and radiobiology.
Abstract:
Selective targeting of radiation effects to tumors represents a fundamental challenge in radiotherapy. Metal nanoparticles, such as gadolinium, gold, or platinum nanoparticles are preferentially internalized by tumor cells and have been recognized to locally amplify the radiation dose upon irradiation. Hence, nanoparticles delivered in tumor cells might increase tumor-specificity and efficiency of radiotherapy at the same time. The physical mechanisms related to the radiation dose amplification by nanoparticles have been already well described; however, cellular structures targeted by nanoparticles remain unknown. The DNA molecule is the most sensitive and critical cell structure in the cell concerning the effects of ionizing radiation. Hence, a crucial question remains open of whether damage to the nucleus is necessary for the radio-sensitization exerted by gadolinium and other nanoparticles. In this work, we studied the effect of 3 nm gadolinium based nanoparticles (GdBNs) on the induction and repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs) in the nuclear DNA of U87 tumor cells irradiated with g-rays. For this purpose, we used currently the most sensitive method of DSB detection based on high-resolution confocal fluorescence microscopy coupled with immune-detection of two independent DSB markers, gH2AX and 53BP1. Additional data for Au and Pt nanoparticles will be also presented. Our experiments brought about quite surprising results. In the conditions where GdBNs amplify the radiation effects, they remain localized in the cytoplasm and their influence on DSB induction and repair is only insignificant. This suggests that the radio-sensitization mediated by GdBNs and potentially other nanoparticles (of defined parameters) is a cytoplasmic event that is independent of the nuclear DNA breakage (a phenomenon commonly accepted as the explanation of biological radiation effects). On the other hand, AuNPs somehow increased DNA damage; however, biological relevance of this damage has to be further studied. Based on recognized intracellular localization of nanoparticles studied, we hypothesize about possible DNA and non-DNA targets for (some) nanoparticles.
Bey Fen Leo
University of Malaya, Malaysia
Title: Stability, transformation and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials in biological systems
Time : 13:55 - 14:30
Biography:
Dr. Leo Bey Fen is a senior lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya (UM). She obtained her PhD from the London Centre for Nanotechnology (LCN), Imperial College London (UK) in 2015. She is the current consultant at the Electron Microscopy Services, Central Unit of Advanced Research Imaging (CENTUARI), UM. She is also an associate research member at Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT). Her research interest includes synthesis and characterisation of nanomaterials, functionalisation and applications of nanomaterials (e.g. biosensors for pathogen or toxin identification, antimicrobial agents, drug delivery, nanomagnetic gloves) and nanosafety & toxicology assessment of nanomaterials.
Abstract:
The increasing production volume of Engineered Nano-Materials (ENMs) has raised concerns about possible toxicological and environmental issues. For this reason, there is a need to assess the interaction of ENMs with biological systems for early prediction of their cytotoxicity. Adequate physicochemical characterization of ENMs prior to the toxicity assessment and selection of appropriate doses in toxicological studies are paramount to correlate their properties with biological action. In the context of respirable NPs, the interactions with both lung lining fluid components and local cell populations will determine the effects on cell metabolism and lung function. There is a lack of information in the literature about the interactions between silver nanomaterials (AgNMs) and pulmonary cells. In particular, data on cellular uptake, measurements of particle dissolution or intracellular chemical transformations to the AgNMs are missing, making it difficult to separate the roles of the particle and Ag+ ion release effects in mediating biological effects and hence to predict the long term bio-persistence of this class of nanomaterial. Our studies aim to highlight the need to consider the interaction of AgNPs with different sizes and surface coatings, access the pulmonary tissues which can be linked to the pulmonary’s disease. Interaction of AgNMs with pulmonary cells, as well as their uptake, cytotoxicity and processing inside cells were investigated using different correlative imaging techniques. The findings demonstrated that interaction between Ag+ ions and sulphide species leads to transformation of the surface chemistry of AgNMs, limiting short-term toxicity effects in the cellular environment. In order to manipulate and optimize particular NPs features with favorable bio-availability and bio-distribution, not only NP uptake into cells, but also a fundamental understanding of the NPs-protein complex is necessary.
Dwi Sabda Budi Prasetya
IKIP Mataram, Indonesia
Title: Study of biosorption process of gold using nanofiber chitosan/PVA
Time : 14:30-15:05
Biography:
Dwi Sabda Budi Prasetya has complete his Master from Gadjah Mada University. He is a Lecturer in Physics Education Departement of IKIP
Abstract:
Nanofiber has been widely used in various applications including agriculture, biomedical, pharmaceutical and many other industries. In this study, nanofiber chitosan/PVA is utilised as an adsorbent for gold recovery due to its superior properties to adsorb metal ions from a solution. This research aims to investigate the efficiency of gold recovery by using nanofibaer chitosan/PVA. Several adsorption isotherm models including Langmuir and Freundlich are employed to evaluate the experimental data. It is found that Freundlich offers the best model for this study with parameters. It also indicates that biosorption process of gold in the nanofiber chitosan/PVA is a multilayer in heterogen surface and physical proce
Chia-Hsing Wu
National Chiao Tung University, Republic of China
Title: Epitaxial growth of 2D layered InSe by using molecular beam epitaxy
Time : 15:25-16:00
Biography:
Chia-Hsing Wu has received his PhD in Electro-Optical Engineering from Tatung University (Taiwan) in 2015. He joins the 2D materials group as postdoctoral researcher of Center for Semiconductor Technology Research in National Chiao Tung University in 2018. His current research interests are in the synthesis technology of 2D semiconductors (TMDs) for low power logic device applications.
Abstract:
Two-dimensional (2D) indium selenide (InSe) has attracted considerable attention due to the large tunability in the band gap (from 1.4 to 2.6 eV) and high carrier mobility. In this study, InSe thin films were grown on c-plane sapphire substrate by using molecular beam epitaxy. A phase transformation between γ-In2Se3 and InSe was observed when indium vapor pressure ratios were adjusted under TSe 198 ℃ and Tsub 560 ℃. When the in cell temperature (TIn) set at 690 to 730 ℃, γ-In2Se3 was dominated, while TIn>740 ℃, the γ-In2Se3 and InSe will coexist. In order to purify the crystalline into pure InSe phase, we used a post treatment with In flux on grown films surface at TIn of 740 ℃ and Tsub 560 ℃ for 3~50 min and then keep the temperature for 30 min. The intensity of InSe phonon mode at 266 cm-1 was strongly related with the treatment period. Hexagonal InSe with layered structure would be promising for 2D semiconductor application.
Sahin Uyaver
Turkish-German University, Turkey
Title: Structural analysis of the nanosturctures formed aromatic aminoacids
Time : 16:00-16:35
Biography:
Sahin Uyaver has completed his PhD from Potsdam University, Germany. He has been working mainly computational researches on biophysical systems. Currently he is a Member of the Faculty of Science at Turkish-German University of Istanbul.
Abstract:
In this work we have analyzed the nanostructures formed by tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine, which have aromatic rings, in our molecular dynamics simulations. We have focused on the similarities and differences of these structures. The simulations are done by using Gromacs Molecular Dynamics simulation software. The force field chosen is OPLS-AA force field. The water molecules are included by TIP3P explicit water molecules. After NVT and NPT equilibration runs we have simulated the systems minimum up to 300 ns. The Berendsen thermostat kept temperature constant and the Parrinello-Rahman algorithm held the pressure at 1 bar. The integration step for all simulations was 2 fs. We have seen that concentration, temperature and acidity play an important role in obtaining the nanostructures. The structures seen are aggregated ones, crsytal-like one and 4-fold tubular ones. In each case of the pure systems the occurrences of these structures are often at different set of parameters. There are some differences of the structures with respect to the stability of the formed structure and the time to reach the equilibration. Furthermore, differently from our previous works, we have seen that one finds the structural similarities and differences between of the pure systems.